N‐Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC)‐Stabilized Ru 0 Nanoparticles: In Situ Generation of an Efficient Transfer Hydrogenation Catalyst

Autor: Ashoka G. Samuelson, Lakshay Kathuria, Noor U. Din Reshi
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Zdroj: Chemistry – A European Journal. 26:7622-7630
ISSN: 1521-3765
0947-6539
DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000142
Popis: Tethered and untethered ruthenium half-sandwich complexes were synthesized and characterized spectroscopically. X-ray crystallographic analysis of three untethered and two tethered Ru N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes were also carried out. These RuNHC complexes catalyze transfer hydrogenation of aromatic ketones in 2-propanol under reflux, optimally in the presence of (25 mol %) KOH. Under these conditions, the formation of 2-3 nm-sized Ru0 nanoparticles was detected by TEM measurements. A solid-state NMR investigation of the nanoparticles suggested that the NHC ligands were bound to the surface of the Ru nanoparticles (NPs). This base-promoted route to NHC-stabilized ruthenium nanoparticles directly from arene-tethered ruthenium-NHC complexes and from untethered ruthenium-NHC complexes is more convenient than previously known routes to NHC-stabilized Ru nanocatalysts. Similar catalytically active RuNPs were also generated from the reaction of a mixture of [RuCl2 (p-cymene)]2 and the NHC precursor with KOH in isopropanol under reflux. The transfer hydrogenation catalyzed by these NHC-stabilized RuNPs possess a high turnover number. The catalytic efficiency was significantly reduced if nanoparticles were exposed to air or allowed to aggregate and precipitate by cooling the reaction mixtures during the reaction.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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