| Popis: |
Atropine is a well-known muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAchR) antagonist; it has been used widely in medicine in that role. Autophagy plays an important role in many physiological processes. In this study, human renal epithelium (293T) cells were treated with different physiological regulators. It was found that atropine could significantly induce the conversion of autophagy marker protein microtubule-associated protein light chain (LC3) I to LC3II. In addition, atropine induced autophagosome levels in a dose-dependent manner within a certain concentration range. In cells treated with atropine, GFP-LC3 proteins accumulated as green foci, while GFP-LC3 had a diffuse distribution in mock control cells, further demonstrating atropine-induced autophagy in 293T cells. In atropine-treated mouse skeletal muscle (C2C12) cells containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and rat cardiac muscle (H9c2) cells containing mAchR, it was found that atropine induced autophagy in C2C12 cells but not in H9c2 cells. Atropine did not induce autophagy in tissue cells containing mAchR in vivo but did in tissue cells not containing mAchR. Therefore, atropine can induce autophagy by binding to other unknown receptors. |
