| Popis: |
Currently, the global dental community notes a natural increase in dentoalveolar anomalies (DAA) in the occlusal bite, depending on many objective factors and subjective preconditions. However, the result of their treatment is not always effective, leading to the development of adverse outcomes and unpredictable complications in the permanent dentition. The aim of our study was to optimize the choice of temporary orthodontic constructions for the treatment of DAA in children from 7 to 12 years of age on the basis of retrospective analysis of medical records. Materials and methods of research: retrospective, analytical, statistical. In order to obtain scientifically comparable indices we used methodological principles of ranging the studied materials (043-1/u medical record of an orthodontic patient) by age period, gender features, dentoalveolar anomalies and temporary orthodontic constructions. As a result of the study, we found no tendency toward a decrease in the incidence of DAA, and negative dynamics of structural and clinical manifestations depending on age and gender identity. It has been established that MAC is combined with such disorders of child's vital functions as chewing, swallowing, speech, breathing. It was found that the frequency of DAA is 80.6%, and the prevalence of DAA in children aged 7-12 years increased from 27.6% to 42%. According to the conducted survey of 1439 children of this age category, distal occlusion takes the leading role among pathologies of DAA, followed by deep incisal occlusion and abnormalities of teeth position. Most often removable orthodontic appliances are used for their correction. Fixed orthodontic appliances are the most effective in the treatment of transversal anomalies, vertical incisal occlusion and combined anomalies. The presented materials show that the high prevalence of DAA and the need for treatment of the subjects confirms the need for further study of this problem to improve the effectiveness of treatment of dental anomalies in patients aged 7-12 years. |
