| Popis: |
The article raises ethical and legal issues in conducting genetic research. The article raises ethical and legal issues in conducting genetic research. If the subject of genetic research is the DNA profiles of indigenous small-numbered peoples, then the solution of these problems is of particular importance. Possibilities for editing human DNA endanger the existence of entire populations of people, preserving their identity, and ensuring continuity between generations. Purpose: The purpose of the study is to identify the main problems of both ethical and legal nature in conducting genetic research. The scope of the study is that during its conduct, an analysis of Russian and international regulatory acts governing the conduct of genetic research, modification of the human genome, and protection of the rights of indigenous peoples was carried out. The problem of determining the limits of intervention in the profile of human DNA during experiments, the possibility of securing the rights to the results of genetic studies and the genes themselves to specific individuals is raised. The problem of determining the legal nature of genes and the human genome as an object of civil rights is investigated. Design/methodology/approach: The methodological basis of the study was a combination of general scientific and private scientific methods, such as: methods of legal modeling and forecasting, analysis, structural-functional, dialectical-materialistic, comparative legal, regulatory and logical, systemic methods. Results: The results of the study are the identification and formulation of certain ethical and legal problems of genetic research, the inadmissibility of interference in the human genome, even the probable result of which could be the threat of losing a person’s identity, transforming a person or creating a person of a “new kind”. The main sociological and humanistic consequences of the lack of proper attention by the State and society to the problems of the conservation of indigenous peoples are determined. Separate proposals are formulated to identify and resolve ethical and legal problems of research and experiments on the profile of human DNA, as well as securing rights to the results of such studies. |
