| Popis: |
This chapter provides a general overview of the molecular biology of plants. The chapter begins with discussing the classification of plants in relation to that of other living organisms. This subject has been revolutionized in recent years as a result of the application of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA) sequence analysis to phylogenetic ideas derived from morphology and fossil exploration. The chapter discusses some of the variations that are known in the biochemistry of plants, the knowledge that has been applied successfully to assist in the classification of species, the genera and the families within the plant kingdom. The chapter then explains the physical make up of the plant cell, the different organelles that have been recognized within the cell, and the nature of the surrounding cell wall. The chapter reviews the techniques that are available for cell fractionation. The application of these techniques has advanced the knowledge of the localization of metabolic pathways within the plant cell. The chapter concludes by providing the basic information on molecular aspects of the plant cell, the processes of mitosis and meiosis, and the nature of plant DNAs. |
