| Popis: |
DNA diagnostics is a new field that utilizes the techniques of molecular biology to identify and characterize the specific genetic material associated with genetic, neoplastic, and infectious diseases. DNA diagnostics grew out of the discoveries made possible using molecular cloning and DNA sequencing techniques beginning in the mid-1970s. Despite the availability of exquisitely specific reagents such as restriction endonucleases, synthetic oligonucleotides, and cloned DNA and cDNA probes, as well as technologies such as electrophoretic methods to fractionate DNA and novel DNA hybridization methods (Southern and Northern blots, dot blot, etc.), DNA diagnostic procedures were not immediately adopted by clinical laboratories. This failure was due in part to the long turnaround times, the lack of sensitivity, and the lack of reliable nonradioactive detection procedures. |
