| Popis: |
At the turn of the century and in the years 2000–4 there was a proliferation of studies on migration in Central and Eastern Europe. Scholars tended to argue that these countries were a new or ‘emerging’ migration space (see, for example, Wallace and Stola, 2001; Gorny and Ruspini, 2004). In fact, as this chapter will show, migration, and transit migration in particular, was not as new as presented. Instead, there was a tradition of transit migration in the region. Evidently, the disintegration of the Soviet Union and the communist regime and the turmoil that followed increased migration flows substantially. Nevertheless, it was not the transit migration that increased, compared to previous years; it was the creation of external borders and the introduction of visas that turned internal movements international, making them subject to controls and, to a large extent, irregular. |
