| Popis: |
The presence of estrogens such as estrone (E1), 17β-estradiol (E2), estriol (E3) and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) in the aquatic environments, even in low concentrations, is an ambient concern that needs an appropriate degradation process in wastewater treatment plants. In this study, a systematic review was carried out to identify the most suitable advanced oxidation processes to remove E1, E2, E3 and EE2 from aqueous effluents. A performance parameter (γ) relating electrical consumption, treated volume and, both initial and final estrogen concentrations was proposed. The initial concentration of estrogen, the kind of water (residual or synthetic) and the pH of the system were the more relevant variables to remove those estrogens. Ozonation was the best treatment for estrogen removal due to the lower γ values as 2.95 102, 6.91 103 and 2.38 103 kWh g−1 for E1, E2 and EE2, respectively in wastewater and 9.40 10−2 kWh g−1 (E1) and 8.50 10−2 kWh g−1 (EE2) in synthetic water, all of them with removal higher than 99%. The operational cost estimated of ozonation was USD$ 23.1/1000 m3 for E1 and E2 treatment in wastewater. |
