Metals in surface water of Ukraine: the migration forms, features of distribution between the abiotic components of aquatic ecosystems, and potential bioavailability
| Autor: | V. A. Zhezherya, I. B. Zubenko, R. P. Linnik, I. I. Ignatenko, P. N. Linnik |
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| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
Cadmium
Metal ions in aqueous solution Aquatic ecosystem 0208 environmental biotechnology Inorganic chemistry chemistry.chemical_element Vanadium 02 engineering and technology General Chemistry Manganese 010501 environmental sciences 01 natural sciences 020801 environmental engineering Metal chemistry Environmental chemistry visual_art visual_art.visual_art_medium Surface water Chemical composition 0105 earth and related environmental sciences |
| Zdroj: | Russian Journal of General Chemistry. 85:2965-2984 |
| ISSN: | 1608-3350 1070-3632 |
| DOI: | 10.1134/s1070363215130162 |
| Popis: | We have generalized the results of long-term studies of coexisting forms of a series of metals (Al, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Cr, Pb, Mo, Cd, and V) in surface water bodies of Ukraine, differing in the hydrological regime and the water chemical composition (rivers, reservoirs, lakes, and ponds). The studied metals content has ranged widely, the concentrations of aluminum, iron, and manganese being typically the highest, and the concentration of molybdenum, vanadium, and cadmium being typically the lowest. The ratio between the suspended and the dissolved forms of the metals has been established. Iron and aluminum migrate mostly as part of the suspended matter, whereas the other metals mainly migrate in the dissolved state. The dissolved manganese form predominates in the water bodies under anaerobic conditions. Copper and molybdenum are present almost always in the dissolved state, regardless of the water body type. The data on the relative content of the labile metal fraction (potentially toxic to aquatic organisms) are reported. The relatively low content of this fraction has been found to be majorly owing to the metal ions complexing with natural organic ligands. The humic compounds, the most widespread group of natural organic compounds, play the primary role in the complexation. Even metals with variable oxidation state (Cr, Mo, and V) are found mainly in the form of anionic complexes with the humic substances. Carbohydrates are also involved in the metals binding in the highly bioproductive water bodies, thus increasing the mass fraction of the neutral complexes during the summer and autumn periods. The molecular weight distribution of anionic metal complexes has been discussed; the substantial part of the metals constitutes the compounds with the molecular weight of below 5.0 kDa. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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