| Popis: |
For several decades, conventional agriculture within the Chesapeake Bay Watershed (CBW) has contributed almost half of the nitrogen pollution to the Bay, and significant amounts of its phosphorus and sediment. Since 2005, organic products have represented the fastest growing segment of the U.S. food market. Factors contributing to this rapid growth include the perceived health and environmental benefits, better taste, concern for animal welfare, and concern for farmworkers. This chapter focuses on the environmental aspects of organic agriculture; specifically, its management strategies for soil, water, weeds, and pests. As these practices differ significantly from those of conventional agriculture, it raises the issue of whether the expansion of organic agriculture within the CBW can help mitigate its pollution problems. A review of the existing literature and a case study of the Clagett and Mattawoman Creek organic farms in the CBW provide strong support for expanding organic farming as a means to improve the quality of the air, land, and water within the CBW. An additional benefit would be the transition away from a food system dependent upon multinational agribusiness corporations to one characterized by accessible small farmers who more directly interact with consumers. |
