| Popis: |
Historical and contemporary analyses of state capitalism have largely by-passed Sub-Saharan Africa in that state capitalism, as a conceptual framework, has generally been absent from analyses of the region, and experiences in the region have generally been absent in discussions of, and theory-building about, state capitalism. This chapter helps redress the situation, by examining African cases, with a focus on the period from the late nineteenth century to the present, covering the modern European colonial, early post-independence, and contemporary, neoliberal periods. An examination of African experiences suggests the need to rethink standard typologies of state capitalism, to embrace, inter alia, colonial capitalism—including étatiste-peasant regimes, and regimes of competitive exploitation—and militarized forms of state capitalism—such as those seen under colonial charter companies, and more recently, under predatory independent states. African experiences underline that there is no simple sequence of types, as some older forms recur later, and there are overlaps and coexistences of types. Finally, attention to African variants of some better-known types—for example, racialized forms of import-substitution industrialization under apartheid—enrich existing typologies. It is important, therefore, to take account of the great variation in African state forms, capacities, class structures, and political economies when considering regional patterns and making international comparisons. |
