Sodium Intake Is Associated with Carotid Artery Structure Alterations and Plasma Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Upregulation in Hypertensive Adults1–3
| Autor: | Roberto Schreiber, José A. Cipolli, Maria C. Ferreira-Sae, Wilson Nadruz, Maria Cecília Jayme Bueno Gallani, Maruska N. Fernandes, Kleber G. Franchini, Felipe Osório Costa, José R. Matos-Souza, Roberta Cunha Matheus Rodrigues, Marilia Estevam Cornélio |
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| Rok vydání: | 2011 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
Nutrition and Dietetics Chemistry Diastole Medicine (miscellaneous) Hemodynamics medicine.anatomical_structure Endocrinology Intima-media thickness medicine.artery Internal medicine medicine Carotid artery structure Common carotid artery Systole Internal carotid artery Artery |
| Zdroj: | The Journal of Nutrition. 141:877-882 |
| ISSN: | 0022-3166 |
| DOI: | 10.3945/jn.110.135921 |
| Popis: | The mechanisms by which dietary sodium modulates cardiovascular risk are not fully understood. This study investigated whether sodium intake is related to carotid structure and hemodynamics and to plasma matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity in hypertensive adults. One hundred thirty-four participants were cross-sectionally evaluated by clinical history, anthropometry, carotid ultrasound, and analysis of hemodynamic, inflammatory, and metabolic variables. Daily sodium intake (DSI) was estimated by 24-h recall, discretionary sodium, and a FFQ. In 42 patients, plasma MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities were also analyzed. The mean DSI was 5.52 ± 0.29 g/d. Univariate analysis showed that DSI correlated with common carotid artery systolic and diastolic diameter (r = 0.36 and 0.34; both P < 0.001), peak and mean circumferential tension (r = 0.44 and 0.39; both P < 0.001), Young's Elastic Modulus (r = 0.40; P < 0.001), intima-media thickness (r = 0.19; P < 0.05), and internal carotid artery resistive index (r = 0.20; P < 0.05). Multivariate analyses revealed that only artery diameter, circumferential wall tension, and Young's Elastic Modulus were independently associated with DSI. Conversely, plasma MMP-9 activity was associated with DSI (r = 0.53; P < 0.001) as well as with common carotid systolic diameter (r = 0.33; P < 0.05) and Young's Elastic Modulus (r = 0.38; P < 0.01). In conclusion, sodium intake is associated with carotid alterations in hypertensive adults independently of systemic hemodynamic variables. The present findings also suggest that increased MMP-9 activity might play a role in sodium-induced vascular remodeling. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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