Controlled oxidation of Ni for stress-free hole transport layer of large-scale perovskite solar cells
Autor: | Jung-Kun Lee, Seongha Lee, Hee Suk Roh, Gill Sang Han |
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Rok vydání: | 2019 |
Předmět: |
Materials science
Non-blocking I/O Doping Perovskite solar cell 02 engineering and technology 010402 general chemistry 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology Condensed Matter Physics Tin oxide 01 natural sciences Atomic and Molecular Physics and Optics 0104 chemical sciences Residual stress Surface roughness General Materials Science Electrical and Electronic Engineering Composite material 0210 nano-technology Layer (electronics) Perovskite (structure) |
Zdroj: | Nano Research. 12:3089-3094 |
ISSN: | 1998-0000 1998-0124 |
DOI: | 10.1007/s12274-019-2556-8 |
Popis: | The effect of the residual thermal stress of NiO films on the performance of an inverted type perovskite solar cell was studied. In this study, NiO films were grown on fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates of different surface roughness by thermally oxidizing Ni film and were tested as a hole transport layer for large-scale perovskite solar cells. Experimental and simulation results show that it is very important to suppress the appearance of the residual stress at the NiO-FTO interface during the oxidation of the Ni film for effective hole extraction. The Ni oxidation on the flat FTO film produced in-plane compressive stress in the NiO film due to the Ni film volume expansion. This led to the formation of defects including small blisters. These residual stress and defects increased leakage current through the NiO film, preventing holes from being selectively collected at the NiO-perovskite interface. However, when Ni was deposited and oxidized on the rough surface, the residual stress of the NiO film was negligible and its inherent high resistance was maintained. Stress-free NiO film is an excellent hole transport layer that stops the photogenerated electrons of the perovskite layer from moving to FTO. The improvements in the structural and electrical qualities of the NiO film by engineering the residual stress reduce the carrier recombination and increase the power conversion efficiency of the perovskite solar cells to 16.37%. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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