| Popis: |
With the introduction of new techniques and hardware, surgical approaches to the anterior thoracic spine have evolved over the past decades to lower morbidity, improve fusion, and balance quality of life outcomes. With advances in adjuvant therapies, the surgical treatment of spinal metastases remains palliative where the goals are decompression, stabilization, diagnosis, and local tumor control. The primary indications for surgery are to decompress severe canal stenosis for radioresistant tumors and to address mechanical instability. |
