| Popis: |
In a multidisciplinary effort, the authors are attempting to establish a data base for toxicity evaluation of a variety of aqueous effluents and aqueous extracts from solid wastes from fossil fuels, synthetic fuels, and shale oil derived fuels. In genetic toxicology testing, short-term mutagenicity tests, including bacterial, fungal, insect, and mammalian cell systems, have been applied in a comparative sense to exemplary test materials. The Salmonella histidine reversion assay (Ames test) has been shown to be generally applicable, especially when utilized with chemically fractionated materials. Liquid-liquid extraction and column chromatography are used to separate crude test materials into defined fractions for bioassay, paralleled by chemical analyses. The test materials have included various crude oils and product waters along with extracts from raw shale and processed shale. The mutagenic materials have been observed and quantitated. Extrapolations to specific compounds and to the overall biological hazard of the test materials are in progress. Comparative studies with samples from existing petroleum technologies and fossil fuel processes are being carried out. |
