| Popis: |
Publisher Summary If torched observations of pollutant concentration are taken for estimation of atmospheric contamination from aerosol source and its parameters, the problem of interpretation of the experimental measurements and their optimal location arises. To solve this problem, it is worthwhile invoking the additional information about meteorology, the processes of air pollution, the source characteristics, and capabilities of networks of measurements. The inverse problems of the reconstruction of ground-level pollutant concentration and the parameters of a stationary source, using laboratory diffusion data and measurements of field experiments are considered in the chapter. The diffusion model of the original K–theory, the Gaussian plum model, and analytical functions approximating the concentration profile are used to describe the pollutant dispersion in the atmospheric surface and boundary layers. The wind speed, the eddy diffusivity for passive contaminants, and plum dispersion parameters are given on the basis of corresponding parameterizations and are calculated by means of the model of atmospheric boundary layer. The basic parameters required to evaluate are as follows: (1) the point of the maximum ground-level concentration, (2) its values in this point, (3) the coefficient of plum spread in the crosswind direction, (4) the strength of source, and (5) its effective height. |
