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Aim: To evaluate interventions which are commonly used in inpatient antibiotic stewardship program (ASP) and its effectiveness on outcomes related to changes in antimicrobial prescribing and health-related cost. Methods: We have conducted a meta-analysis based on clinical database taken from PubMed, Google Scholar, and EMBASE from 2012 to 2016. After reviewing abstracts and extracting exclusion criteria data, we found outcomes related to changes in prescribing practices and cost-related outcomes according to types of interventions used in ASP. Results: A significant change was observed after the implementation of ASP, which led to better prescribing practices in physicians and obviously decreased antibiotic consumption. A major decrease in the hospital and patient costs also favors the implementation of ASP, keeping in mind the increase resistance to antimicrobial agents and ever rising health-care cost. Conclusion: ASPs help to improve the practices of physicians with components of audit feedback, guideline implementation, and decision. Current data are sufficient to make stewardship implementation a priority in all hospitals, especially given the emerging threat of resistance and raising health-care costs. |
