Chromium hazard and risk assessment: New insights from a detailed speciation study in a standard test medium
| Autor: | Jean-Sébastien Py, Eric Battaglia, Davide A.L. Vignati, Jean-Luc Loizeau, Sebastien Cambier, Imad Aharchaou, Geert Cornelis, Philippe Rousselle |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Detection limit
021110 strategic defence & security studies Chemistry Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis media_common.quotation_subject Ion chromatography 0211 other engineering and technologies chemistry.chemical_element 02 engineering and technology 010501 environmental sciences 01 natural sciences Bioavailability Speciation Chromium Raphidocelis subcapitata 13. Climate action Environmental chemistry Environmental Chemistry Ecotoxicity Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry 0105 earth and related environmental sciences media_common |
| Zdroj: | Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. 37:983-992 |
| ISSN: | 0730-7268 |
| DOI: | 10.1002/etc.4044 |
| Popis: | Despite the consensus about the importance of chemical speciation in controlling the bioavailability and ecotoxicity of trace elements, detailed speciation studies during laboratory ecotoxicity testing remain scarce, contributing to uncertainty when extrapolating laboratory findings to real field situations in risk assessment. We characterized the speciation and ecotoxicological effects of chromium (CrIII and CrVI ) in the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) medium for algal ecotoxicity testing. Total and dissolved (< 0.22 μm) Cr concentrations showed little variability in media spiked with CrVI , whereas dissolved Cr concentration decreased by as much as 80% over a 72-h time period in medium amended with CrIII . Analyses by ion chromatography inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (IC-ICP-MS) highlighted the absence of redox interconversion between CrIII or CrVI both in the presence and absence of algal cells (Raphidocelis subcapitata). Furthermore, the concentration of ionic CrIII dropped below detection limits in less than 2 h with the corresponding formation of carbonate complexes and Cr hydroxides. Precipitation of CrIII in the form of colloidal particles of variable diameters was confirmed by nanoparticle (NP) tracking analysis, single particle ICP-MS, and single particle counting. In terms of time-weighted dissolved (< 0.22 μm) Cr concentration, CrIII was 4 to 10 times more toxic than CrVI . However, CrIII ecotoxicity could arise from interactions between free ionic CrIII and algae at the beginning of the test, from the presence of Cr-bearing NPs, or from a combination of the 2. Future ecotoxicological studies must pay more attention to Cr speciation to reliably compare the ecotoxicity of CrIII and CrVI . Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:983-992. © 2017 SETAC. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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