| Popis: |
It was determined that injuries and the occurrence of occupational diseases of the limbs (fingers, hand, elbow, forearm, shoulder, etc.) of the musculoskeletal system of workers of car service enterprises when performing production activities for the maintenance and repair of cars, in which a hand tool is used, is a quite common phenomenon that currently constitutes a task of research of current importance. Object of the study – ergonomic risks arising while working with hand tools. Purpose of the study – to assess the ergonomic risks of the limb’s injuries and of the occurrence of occupational diseases of the musculoskeletal system of the worker while using hand tools at car repair entities. Method of the study – to use the «TILE» («Task, Individual, Load, and Environment») principle for study of the upper limbs of the human body biomechanics. This principle indicates the need for a physiological assessment of manual labor (weight, rhythm, pace, intensity, etc.) and for a verification of the adequacy of manual labor conditions and the working environment and of their impact on employee health. To calculate the ergonomic risk of injury and the occurrence of occupational diseases, the «RULA» («Rapid Upper Limb Assessment») method was used, with the assistance of which the conformity of the ergonomics of hand tools to the working conditions has been assessed. Results of the study – discovered that use of the ergonomic tools can reduce the ergonomic risks of limb’s injury and occupational diseases of the musculoskeletal system of the worker, as well as increase productivity by up to 30%. Recommendations for rational sizes and shapes of various hand tools are given. The results of the study can be used for further development of the assessment of ergonomic health risks of workers in industrial enterprises. Keywords: technological processes of a car service, risk management of workers’ injuries, ergonomic risks, hand tools, labor productivity. |
