| Popis: |
Introduction. Adaptation of the athlete's organism with auditory deprivation to training and competitive activity is ensured by the active participation of the central nervous system, sensory systems, among which the important role is played by visual, vestibular, kinesthetic, tactile-vibration analyzers, which ensure the quality of movement. In this regard, studying the activity of sensorimotor systems of healthy athletes and hearing impaired will determine the ways of correction of the motor activity of the latter. The objective - study and comparative analysis of physiological features of sensorimotor systems of qualified hammer throwers (healthy and hearing impaired). Materials and methods. Research methods: analysis, generalization and systematization of data scientific and methodological literature; psychophysiological methods (simple visual-motor reaction; reaction to a moving object; tepping test; choice and discrimination reaction; critical part of light flickering; attention assessment); methods of mathematical statistics. Nine female athletes specializing in hammer throwing participated in the study: 7 of them are masters of sports of Ukraine, 2 - masters of sports of international class (5 female athletes have hearing impairments, 4 are healthy). The studies were conducted in October-November 2019 at the Donetsk Regional Children's and Youth Sports School for Persons with Disabilities (Mariupol). Results. The studies suggest that the thrower hammer with hearing problems (especially in persons with bilateral sensorineural deafness), in most cases there is a lack of speed of receiving and processing visual information, poor concentration and stability of attention, increasing the number of errors compared to almost healthy athletes. It should also be noted in hammer throwers with hearing impairment that there is an imbalance of nerve processes with a predominance of inhibition, their weakness and inertia. Conclusions. The data obtained confirm the need for the development of a training program, the basis of which is a deliberate impact on visual and vestibular analyzers in order to correct existing abnormalities and compensate for hearing impairment by further improving the functioning of the motor analyzer. Key words: sensorimotor systems, functional state, hammer throwers, hearing defects. |
