Antimony in the metallurgical industry: A review of its chemistry and environmental stabilization options
| Autor: | George P. Demopoulos, Ravinder S. Multani, Thomas Feldmann |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Metallurgy
Metals and Alloys chemistry.chemical_element Context (language use) 02 engineering and technology 010501 environmental sciences 01 natural sciences Tailings Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering 020501 mining & metallurgy 0205 materials engineering Antimony chemistry Materials Chemistry Solubility Effluent Mineral processing Stibnite Arsenic 0105 earth and related environmental sciences |
| Zdroj: | Hydrometallurgy. 164:141-153 |
| ISSN: | 0304-386X |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.hydromet.2016.06.014 |
| Popis: | Antimony (Sb) is an impurity element that is increasingly encountered in the mineral processing/metallurgical industries of gold, copper and lead. Its occurrence in metallurgical feedstocks is in the form of various antimony minerals with stibnite, Sb 2 S 3 , being the most important one. During processing antimony is mobilized reporting to waste solid tailings or effluent streams. This becomes a matter of concern since antimony is similar to arsenic in many respects, both sharing similar chemical properties as well as toxicity and thus have negative environmental implications, especially in the context of industrial effluents and their treatment. This review summarizes the available literature on antimony in the environment and its removal with emphasis on effluent treatment. Antimony speciation as well as oxidation was presented at various conditions (pH, E h , temperature, and concentration) to provide a basis of its aqueous behavior, an important foundation for industrial effluent treatment. For immobilizing antimony in the environment via precipitation from effluents several mineral candidates were identified of which schafarzikite, FeSb 2 O 4 , and tripuhyite, FeSbO 4 , were proposed as very attractive due to their very low antimony solubility ( − 1 ). |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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