Effects of black bear relocation on elk calf recruitment at Great Smoky Mountains National Park
| Autor: | Joseph Yarkovich, Joseph D. Clark, Jennifer L. Murrow |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2011 |
| Předmět: |
education.field_of_study
Ecology National park media_common.quotation_subject Population Ice calving Biology biology.organism_classification Predation Animal science General Earth and Planetary Sciences Reproduction Vital rates Ursus education Relocation Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics Nature and Landscape Conservation General Environmental Science media_common |
| Zdroj: | The Journal of Wildlife Management. 75:1145-1154 |
| ISSN: | 0022-541X |
| DOI: | 10.1002/jwmg.149 |
| Popis: | Previous research from 2001 to 2006 on an experimentally released elk (Cervus elaphus) population at Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GSMNP or Park) indicated that calf recruitment (i.e., calves reaching 1 yr of age per adult female elk) was low (0.306, total SE = 0.090) resulting in low or negative population growth (γ = 0.996, 95% CI = 0.945–1.047). Black bear (Ursus americanus) predation was the primary calf mortality factor. From 2006 to 2008, we trapped and relocated 49 bears (30 of which were radiocollared) from the primary calving areas in the Park and radiomonitored 67 (28 M:39 F) adult elk and 42 calves to compare vital rates and population growth with the earlier study. A model with annual calf recruitment rate correlating with the number of bears relocated each year was supported (ΔAICC = 0.000; β = 0.070, 95% CI = 0.028–0.112) and a model with annual calf recruitment differing from before to during bear relocation revealed an increase to 0.544 (total SE = 0.098; β = -1.092, 95% CI... |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|
Plný text