| Autor: |
Nishanth G. Chemmangattuvalappil, Truls Gundersen, Michael C. Georgiadis, Kyle V. Camarda, Eduardo S. Pérez-Cisneros, Brock C. Roughton, Elizabeth M. Topp, Charles C. Solvason, Mauricio Sales-Cruz, Teresa Lopez-Arenas, John M. Woodley, Rafiqul Gani, Mario R. Eden, Philip Lutze |
| Rok vydání: |
2013 |
| Předmět: |
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| Zdroj: |
Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry |
| Popis: |
The article contains sections titled: 1. Introduction 2. Process Synthesis and Design 2.1. Objective of Process Synthesis and Design 2.2. Generic Problem Definition 2.3. Process Synthesis–Design Methods 2.4. Challenges and Opportunities 3. Process Integration–Energy 3.1. Process Integration–Introduction to Key Concepts and Major Topics 3.1.1. Design of Heat Exchanger Networks (HENs) 3.1.2. Correct Heat Integration 3.1.3. Use of Optimization in Process Integration 3.1.4. Use of Exergy in Process Integration 3.1.5. Heat Recovery in Batch Processes 3.1.6. Expansions of the Pinch Concept 3.1.7. Concluding Remarks and Future Directions 3.2. Introduction to the Synthesis of Heat Exchanger Networks 3.2.1. Problem Statement 3.2.2. Minimum Utility Cost 3.2.2.1. Partition of Temperature Scale 3.2.2.2. Linear Programming Transshipment Model 3.2.2.3. Illustration 3.2.3. Minimum Number of Matches 3.2.4. Derivation of Optimal HEN Structure 3.2.4.1. Problem Statement 3.2.4.2. HEN superstructure 3.2.4.3. Mathematical Formulation of the HEN Superstructure 3.2.5. Simultaneous HEN Synthesis Approach 4. Process Intensification 4.1. Introduction 4.2. Definition of PI 4.3. Process Systems Engineering (PSE) and Process Intensification (PI) 4.3.1. Synthesis and Design 4.3.2. Modeling and Simulation 4.4. Analysis and Verification 4.5. Perspective 5. Reactive Distillation Processes 5.1. Graphical Design Methods 5.1.1. Element Balances and Equilibrium Condition 5.1.2. Design of Reactive Distillation Columns 5.1.2.1. Binary-Element Reactive Systems 5.1.2.2. The Reactive Equilibrium Curve 5.1.2.3. Constant Total Element Mass Overflow Assumption (CTEMO) 5.1.2.4. The Reactive McCabe–Thiele Diagram 5.1.2.5. Accounting Heat Effects: The Reactive Ponchon–Savarit Diagram 5.1.3. Application Examples 5.1.4. Conclusions 5.2. New Applications 5.2.1. Clean Fuels, Challenges and Opportunities 5.2.2. Methodology 5.2.3. Case Study: Production of Ultra-Clean Diesel 5.2.3.1. The Reaction System (Stage 1) 5.2.3.2. Model Formulation: Batch Reactive Distillation Process (Stage 2) 5.2.3.3. Conceptual design of a reactive distillation column (Stage 3) 5.2.3.4. Rigorous Simulation of Reactive Distillation Process (Stage 3) 5.2.4. Conclusions 6. Chemical Product Synthesis/Design 6.1. Introduction 6.2. Design, Synthesis, and Formulation 6.2.1. Mathematical Formulation of the Chemical Product Design Problem 6.2.2. Database Searches 6.2.3. Enumeration & Generation 6.2.4. Optimization 6.3. Tools for Product Design 6.3.1. Computer-Aided Mixture/Blend Design (CAMbD) 6.3.2. Computer-Aided Molecular Design (CAMD) 6.3.3. Design of Structured Chemical Products 6.4. Example: Design of an Insect Repellent 6.5. Conclusions and Future Directions 7. Approaches to Pharmaceutical Product Design 7.1. Introduction 7.2. General Concepts in Pharmaceutical Product Design 7.3. Design and Development of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient 7.3.1. Overview 7.3.2. Ligand Screening 7.3.3. Structure-Based Drug Design 7.4. Pharmaceutical Formulation Design 7.4.1. Overview 7.4.2. Formulation Properties and Selection 7.4.3. Computer-Aided Molecular Design of Excipients 7.5. Example: Formulation Design to Minimize Aggregation of Protein Drugs 7.5.1. Overview 7.5.2. Prediction of Protein Aggregation 7.5.3. Design of Excipients for the Minimization of Aggregation 7.6. Conclusions and Future Directions 8. Acknowledgments |
| Databáze: |
OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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