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Purpose: To evaluate the effect of different ureteroscope positions, saline pumping frequency, laser fiber diameter and ureteral access sheath (UAS) on outflow rate during flexible ureteroscopy (fURS). Material and Methods: This study was performed in an anesthetized porcine model. The fURS setup included a manual pumping system, a 9.5Fr single used-digital flexible ureteroscope and a ureteral access sheath (UAS). Outflow was collected and measured from the UAS during 1 minute in all experimental settings. The evaluated variables were the position of the ureteroscope, the pumping frequency (2s, 3s or 5s), the diameter of the used UAS (12/14Fr or 14/16Fr) and laser fiber (200 μm or a 272 μm). Results: Ureteroscope position in the lower calyx was associated with significantly lower outflow rate (pConclusions: The ureteroscope positioning and UAS size were important determinants of outflow rate during fURS, while laser fiber diameter had a limited effect. In the lower calyx the outflow was minimal and was not improved by using a larger UAS. |
