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Cryptographic databases aim to protect the user's data from cloud servers that hold the data and operate the server-side of the database. They are privacy-by-design solutions. ZeroDB belongs to the family of cryptographic databases that solves this by off-loading the main database functionality to the client and many rounds of communication. We study ZeroDB performance by crafting specific queries and observing the operation. Furthermore, we compare ZeroDB to MySQL, SQLite, and MongoDB in TPC-C measurements. All measurements were performed in a testbed where network parameters were edited. The results show that the communication overhead of ZeroDB leads to significant drops in performance compared to the non-cryptographic databases, in particular for write and update operations. With respect to the trade-off of security and performance, ZeroDB is only recommendable when security requirements outweigh the performance impact. The reasoning shows that performance can be a limiting factor for the usability of a privacy-by-design solution. |
