Single-Flux-Quantum Multiplier Circuits for Synthesizing Gigahertz Waveforms With Quantum-Based Accuracy
| Autor: | David Olaya, Adam Sirois, Samuel P. Benz, Christine A. Donnelly, Manuel Castellanos-Beltran, Paul D. Dresselhaus, Peter F. Hopkins |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Physics
business.industry Amplifier Condensed Matter Physics 01 natural sciences Electronic Optical and Magnetic Materials Magnetic flux quantum 0103 physical sciences Hardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITS Voltage multiplier Waveform Optoelectronics Multiplier (economics) Radio frequency Electrical and Electronic Engineering 010306 general physics business Electronic circuit Spectral purity |
| Zdroj: | IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity. 31:1-9 |
| ISSN: | 2378-7074 1051-8223 |
| DOI: | 10.1109/tasc.2021.3057013 |
| Popis: | We designed, simulated, and experimentally demonstrated components for a microwave-frequency digital-to-analog converter based on single flux quantum (SFQ) circuits and an amplifier based on superconducting-quantum-interference-device (SQUID) stacks. These are key components for a self-calibrated programmable waveform reference for communications metrology capable of synthesizing high-frequency signals with quantum-based output accuracy. The amplifier is an SFQ voltage multiplier circuit that consists of a network of SFQ-splitters and SQUID transformers that provides output signals consisting of quantized pulses. The circuits were fabricated using our Nb/Nb $_{x}$ Si $_{1-x}$ /Nb Josephson-junction (JJ) fabrication process, which produces self-shunted JJs with Nb-doped silicon barriers. In order to demonstrate quantum-based reproducibility, stability and performance at 4 K, we synthesized single-tone and multitone waveforms at gigahertz frequencies and demonstrated their operation over a range of synthesizer output and experimental bias parameters. We also propose circuit designs for achieving higher synthesis frequencies and higher output power with improved power accuracy and spectral purity, and discuss the potential limitations of these circuits. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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