| Popis: |
This paper overviews possible methods of developing offshore volatile oil, condensate and gas fields via liquefication and tankering. A condensate field case study with a 9 year, 220 MMscfd spec gas and 505 Te/yr NGL plateau provides additional technical and economic insight. A turret-moored, shipshaped vessel is used for production, nitrogen expansion liquefaction, 85 psia storage and tandem loading.These products are conveyed 1000 miles to a 100 psia barge terminal, moored in protected water, by a 100 psia cryogenic shuttle tanker. The LNG is then vaporised and piped with the LNG to the nearby offtakers. A conventional tanker is used for stabilised condensate shuttling. The 13 year life revenue is $5032 MM with spec gas at $4/Mscf, NGL at $165/Te and condensate at $19/bbl. A 22.6% DCF ROR is indicated with UK tax, a $2/bbl condensate delivery charge and an estimated $891 MM CAPEX and $84 MM/yr fixed OPEX. The overall thermal efficiency is 93.9%. |
