Central Composite Design Method for the Preparation, Stability and Properties of Water-in-Diesel Nano Emulsions
| Autor: | Ali Ghufran Khidhir, Adel Sharif Hamadi |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Materials science
Properties of water Design–Expert Central composite design 02 engineering and technology Quadratic function 010402 general chemistry 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology 01 natural sciences Stability (probability) 0104 chemical sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Diesel fuel Dynamic light scattering chemistry General Earth and Planetary Sciences 0210 nano-technology Biological system General Environmental Science Variable (mathematics) |
| Zdroj: | Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science. :176-189 |
| ISSN: | 2160-0406 2160-0392 |
| DOI: | 10.4236/aces.2018.83012 |
| Popis: | Water in diesel nano-emulsion (WiDNE) due to their nano size, kinetically stable gives its beneficial in commercial and environmental aspects. However, the capability of this fuel strongly depends on the method of preparation, stability and their physic-chemical properties. Central composite design (CCD) method was used to optimize variable interactions in order to obtain maximum stability. Methodology RSM method with six independent variables was selected in order to understand the impacts on droplet size. The response surface and 3D plots of the quadratic polynomial model were created for studying the combination effect on response. Dynamic light scattering DLS technique was used for measuring of droplet sizes. The analysis result by ANOVA was with 95% confidence displaying F value model was 52.82. The results displayed model was fulfilled with the assumptions of ANOVA. This study has relied on Design Expert software to locate the optimum droplet size situations. The measured diameter is 26 nm, with 0.0297 errors between actual conditions and measured value. The optimum blend properties of prepared WiDNE fuel were compared with conventional diesel. Improvements in physical properties were observed in presence of water in WiDNE. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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