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Publisher Summary Gels can be divided generally into hydrogels, where water is the solvent, and lyogels, which contain an organic solvent. Hydrogels are viscoelastic materials that are cross-linked hydrophilic polymers used for hydrogel dressings, soft contact lenses, and artificial lens. Lyogels are viscoelastic materials that are cross-linked hydrophilic polymers that are swollen by an organic solvent. Silicone gels are used only for external treatment. A silicone gel used as breast prosthesis is a lyogel. The characteristics of silicone are briefly described in the chapter. The problems caused by implanted silicone gels are also listed in the chapter. Skin substitutes serve to reduce pain, prevent infection, accelerate epithelial cell formation, prevent bodily fluid from escaping or building up, and protect wounds. There are temporary skin substitutes used as wound dressings, durable skin substitutes for tissue reorganization templates, and permanent skin substitutes used in cultured skin. The chapter lists the classifications of wound dressings and artificial skin materials based on their applications. A tissue reorganization template is used as artificial skin and can be classified into polyester, collagen, and polysaccharide types. |
