| Popis: |
A simulator-based experiment was conducted to determine (1) the accuracy required of the electronic navigation signals for navigation in low visibility, and (2) the trade-offs among accuracy, sophistication of the electronic display device, and visibility. A generic electronic navigational device was developed and interfaced with a ship's bridge simulator. This device showed both graphic and digital information about ship's position in the channel. The error in the electronic position was varied to determine its effect on pilot performance. The visibility was varied to determine the contribution of visual aids to electronic navigation. Commercial pilots who navigated a restricted waterway with the electronic display were generally successful in transiting the channel when there were known errors in electronic position information, even in severely reduced visibility. A majority of the pilots, though, had difficulty with a severe turn in zero visibility. The findings suggest that navigation in restricted waterways is possible in reduced visibility with the present technology of electronic navigational aids. |
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