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In 1977 Andreas Gruntzig performed the first balloon angioplasty in a patient with a critical LAD stenosis [5]. Since that time considerable improvements have been achieved both with the technique itself (steerable guide wires, low profile and super low profile balloons with steerable or fixed guide wires, monorail technique etc.) and the skills of the angio-plasters. Therefore balloon angioplasty in the 1990s has become a standard technique for reduction of significant coronary artery stenoses in patients with coronary heart disease [1,5,9,14]. The acute and longterm results of balloon angioplasty now seem to be standardized worldwide: acute success rate: 80–90%, depending on the coronary artery to be treated and the type of coronary artery lesion; rate of acute complications: about 10%, and that of emergency bypass: 2–5% [1,2], recurrency rate at 3 months: 15–30%, and at 6 months post-treatment about 40–50%. |
