Occurrence of environmental contaminants (pesticides, herbicides, PAHs) in Australian/Queensland Apis mellifera honey
Autor: | S Were, Shalona R. Anuj, Heng Hang Tsai, Lorinda J. Swann, Darina Hnatko, Dennis Webber, Natasha L. Hungerford, Ujang Tinggi, Benjamin L. L. Tan, Mary T. Fletcher, Cassandra L. Kelly |
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Rok vydání: | 2021 |
Předmět: |
Pesticides/herbicides
business.industry 010401 analytical chemistry Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Environmental impact of agriculture 010501 environmental sciences Pesticide Contamination Toxicology 01 natural sciences 0104 chemical sciences Agriculture Environmental science Nectar Health food Rural area business 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Food Science |
Zdroj: | Food Additives & Contaminants: Part B. 14:193-205 |
ISSN: | 1939-3229 1939-3210 |
Popis: | Honey is a popular agricultural product containing mostly sugars and water, but due to its nutritious components and natural production by honeybees (Apis mellifera) from floral nectar, it is marketed as a premium health food item. As environmental monitors, honeybees can potentially transfer environmental contaminants to honey. Whilst pesticides can have ubiquitous presence in agricultural and urban areas, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) can be more prevalent in higher density urban/industrial environments. Australian beehives are customarily located in rural areas/forests, but it is increasingly popular to keep hives in urban areas. This study assessed the levels of environmental contaminants in honeys (n = 212) from Queensland/Australian sources including rural, peri-urban and urban areas. Honey samples were analysed by LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS for 53 herbicides, 83 pesticides, 18 breakdown products (for certain pesticides/herbicides) and 33 PAHs and showed low/negligible pesticide, herbicide and PAHs contamination, consistent regardless of honey origins. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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