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142 5.1 Introduction 142 5.2 Nanoparticles 145 5.3 Vesicular Drug Carriers 146 5.4 Delivery Systems-Biological Model Membranes 150 5.5 Liposomes, Character, and Structure 151 5.6 Conclusions 165 Acknowledgment 166 Keywords 166 References 166SANJA PETROVIC, SNEŽANA ILIC-STOJANOVIC*, ANA TACIC, LJUBISA NIKOLIC, and VESNA NIKOLICUniversity of Nis, Faculty of Technology, Bulevar oslobodjenja 124, 16000 Leskovac, Republic of Serbia*Corresponding author. E-mail: ilic.s.snezana@gmail.comABSTRACTThis chapter provides an overview of the delivery systems that represent multifunction carriers of active substances for controlled, delayed, and targeted drug substance delivery, with a special review to the vesicular drug carriers. Drug carrier formulations are designed to connect a number of different possible actions depending on the needs of future purposes for which they are processed. The use of nanomaterials has a lot of preferences and is becoming more pronounced in recent years. Vesicular systems are one of the nanosystems for the drug substances delivery that has a lot of advantages. Considering that, vesicles as liposomes, sphingosomes, ethosomes, transferosomes, niosomes, discomes, bilosomes, aquasomes, enzymosomes, exosomes, and virosome will be comprehensively described. One of the most popular vesicular nanocarriers are liposomes that are classified to the organic, that is, natural materials. Thanks to the structure, liposomes can serve as carriers of the both hydrophilic and lipophilic substances. The process of encapsulation of the active compounds in liposomes is a challenge by itself and knowledge of liposomes character and structure, as well as the appropriate methods for liposome characterizing, are of a crucial importance. Another challenge regarding the use of liposomes is the question of their long-term stability. In addition to the listed advantages and disadvantages of such systems, more accurate knowledge of mechanism behavior of active components incorporated into the nanocarrier under the influence of many internal or external factors, as well as its optimal concentration and stability in the potential formulations, is of crucial importance for further research and use. |
