Evaluation of the antidiarrheal activity of the leaf extract of Parquetina nigrescens and formulation into oral suspensions

Autor:	Sukurat Olasumbo Usman, A.T. Kola-Mustapha, Yusuf Oluwagbenga Ghazali, Hameedat Taiye Ayotunde, S. A. Atunwa
Rok vydání:	2019
Předmět:	Pharmacology Loperamide Traditional medicine Tragacanth medicine.medical_treatment Biological activity Parquetina nigrescens Median lethal dose Acute toxicity Diarrhea chemistry.chemical_compound chemistry medicine Molecular Medicine Pharmacology (medical) medicine.symptom Saline medicine.drug
Zdroj:	Journal of Experimental Pharmacology. 11:65-72
ISSN:	1179-1454
Popis:	Purpose Parquetina nigrescens (Pn) extract was evaluated for safety and antidiarrheal activity, formulated into stable suspensions, and characterized. Methods Acute toxicity of the extract based on Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development-423 guidelines was performed. The antidiarrheal effects of the extract on castor oil-induced diarrhea in four groups of Wistar rats were determined. The first and second groups received 5 and 200 mg/kg body weight (bw) of the extract, while the third and fourth groups received normal saline (5 mg/kg bw) and loperamide (5 mg/kg bw) as negative and positive controls, respectively. Pn extract was used at 1.25% w/v to formulate structured vehicle (carboxylmethylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone and tragacanth) suspensions. The suspensions were tested for pharmacological activity and characterized. Results Acute toxicity gave a lethal dose 50 (LD50) that is greater than 300 and less than 2,000 mg/kg bw. A reduction in intestinal transit by 0.14 and 0.15% at 5 and 200 mg/kg of the extract was achieved as compared to an inhibition of 0.12% by 5 mg/kg loperamide. There was a dose-dependent decrease in the frequency of watery stool passed in castor oil-induced rats by 35.29% and 64.70% at 5 and 200 mg/kg, respectively. All the suspensions inhibited diarrhea, exhibiting a dose-dependent pattern and remained stable after 4 weeks. Their pH values ranged from 4.60±2.73 to 4.73±1.91, while viscosity ranged from 3.50±1.23 to 6.75±1.24 Pas at 60 rpm. Conclusion The results suggest that Pn possesses significant antidiarrheal activity. Suspensions of Pn were successfully formulated in structured vehicles and were effective in the control of diarrhea in Wistar rats.
Databáze:	OpenAIRE
Externí odkaz:	https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::10ff9afe3dfb759bb73a8d30ae4b5ae2 https://doi.org/10.2147/jep.s214417 Zobrazit plný text záznamu Plný text ve formátu PDF Plný text ve formátu HTML
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