| Popis: |
Some of the multifarious factors impinging on socio-economic regeneration are examined in this chapter, the prime object of attention being areatargeted interventions in the labour market and in public services such as health and social services, education and policing. Each policy arena has its own provenance and innovation pathways. Each originally operated as an independent sphere but, in several of the countries under review, progressively they have become regarded as all of a piece in the common task of urban renewal. Nevertheless, the practical application of this reality still varies cross-nationally. Interventions range from those without a specific area target, those which are focussed on areas but in an ad hoc or short-term un-integrated way, through to integrated and mainstreamed cross-sectoral targeting. Relatively few generalised programmes are reviewed here, although they may achieve greater local impact overall, despite the common observation that they have too often been insufficiently interactive with the neighbourhood focus. |
