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The Community Reinforcement Approach (CRA) is a behavioral treatment for individuals with substance-use problems. It is predicated upon the belief that a non-drinking/non-using lifestyle must be experienced by individuals as rewarding in order for them to choose it consistently over substance use. As part of CRA, the client’s “community” (e.g., family, friends, colleagues, organizations, work) is explored to find new areas of potential reinforcement that can compete with substance use. CRA therapists work with clients to decide on which goals they want to pursue in life, and they then teach these clients the skills required to achieve these goals. An adaptation of CRA is the Adolescent Community Reinforcement Approach (A-CRA), which is geared specifically toward the treatment of adolescents, young adults, and their parents or caregivers. Community Reinforcement and Family Training (CRAFT) is a treatment for the family members or close friends (Concerned Significant Others, CSOs) of unmotivated, treatment-refusing substance abusers (Identified Patients, IPs). CRAFT therapists work with CSOs in an attempt to change the home environment of the unmotivated IPs such that a healthy and enjoyable lifestyle is supported over one dominated by substance use. CRAFT goals include getting IPs to seek treatment and reducing IP substance use, and also having CSOs increase their own happiness regardless. CRA, A-CRA, and CRAFT have solid empirical support, and each has been used successfully with diverse populations and various drugs of choice. |
