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The objects of research were the landscapes of the lands of the right bank of the Don River from the village of Bessergenevskaya to the farm of Starozolotovsky and the banks of its tributaries of the Kerchik River, the Sukhoi Donets River and the Seversky Donets River at the mesorelief level and landscape-forming factors-geology, relief, soil and groundwater. The research method was the study of historical and literary data on viticulture on the Right Bank of the Nizhnij Don, obtaining the necessary landscape- forming data by manual drilling of wells to a depth of up to 10 m with a morphological description of their soil, geological and hydrogeological profile, with the selection for chemical analysis of soil and ground water samples made in the design and survey bureau of the Institute. The purpose of the research was to study the factors limiting the productivity of vineyards, the optimal ampeloecological conditions of the microlandscapes of the Nizhnij Don for the selection of microzones of high-quality winemaking. As a result of the conducted research, the characteristic of the entire variety of landscapes of the right bank of the lower Don and its tributaries from the village of Bessergenevskaya to the farm of Starozolotovsky, corresponding taxonomic levels, qualitatively different from each other by landscape-forming factors, taking into account the degree of their influence on plant growth, yield, quality of grapes and products obtained from it, is given. Two ecological and landscape zones of grape cultivation on the right bank of the Nizhnij Don are identified — the zone of sloping lands and the zone of steppe landscapes of the watershed territory, with the greatest attention paid to the first zone, the conditions of which differ from the second zone in a large variety and are most suitable for traditional viticulture of the Don. Limiting factors in the development of the slope lands of the right bank of the Nizhnij Don are their great steepness, which are deformed by ancient landslides and erosion processes,ъ the inaccessibility of groundwater for grape roots, which in most cases are blocked by landslides and a thick layer of deluvium. |
