Meta-analysis of aberrant brain activity in psychopathy
| Autor: | Rainer Rupprecht, Simon B. Eickhoff, Timm B. Poeppl, Danilo Bzdok, Maximilian R. Donges, Peter T. Fox, Berthold Langguth, Angela R. Laird |
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| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.diagnostic_test
Brain activity and meditation Psychopathy Somesthesis Cognition medicine.disease Executive functions 030227 psychiatry 03 medical and health sciences Psychiatry and Mental health 0302 clinical medicine medicine.anatomical_structure Neuroimaging Cortex (anatomy) medicine Psychology Functional magnetic resonance imaging 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Cognitive psychology |
| Zdroj: | European Psychiatry. 41:S349-S349 |
| ISSN: | 1778-3585 0924-9338 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.02.323 |
| Popis: | IntroductionPsychopathy is characterized by superficial charm, untruthfulness, lack of remorse, antisocial behavior, egocentricity as well as poverty in major affective reactions. This clinical profile has been empirically conceptualized and validated. Recent brain imaging studies suggest abnormal brain activity underlying psychopathic behavior. However, no reliable pattern of altered neural activity has been disclosed so far.ObjectiveTo identify consistent changes of brain activity in psychopaths and to investigate whether these could explain known psychopathology.MethodsFirst, we used activation likelihood estimation to meta-analyze brain activation changes in psychopaths across 28 functional magnetic resonance imaging studies reporting 753 foci from 155 analyses (P < 0.05, corrected). Second, we functionally characterized the ensuing regions employing meta-data of a large-scale neuroimaging database (P < 0.05, corrected).ResultsPsychopathy was consistently associated with decreased brain activity in the right amygdala, the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC), and bilaterally in the lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC). Consistently increased activity was observed bilaterally in the fronto-insular cortex (FIC) (Fig. 1). Moreover, we found that the physiological functional role of the candidate regions related to social cognition (DMFPC), cognitive speech and semantic processing (left FIC/LPFC), emotional and cognitive reward processing (right amygdala/FIC) as well as somesthesis and executive functions (RLPFC).ConclusionPsychopathy is characterized by abnormal brain activity of bilateral prefrontal cortices and the right amygdala, which mediate psychological functions known to be impaired in psychopaths. Hence, aberrant neural activity can account for pertinent psychopathology in psychopathy.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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