Seroprevalence and risk factors for Coxiella burnetii, the causative agent of Q fever in the dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius) population in Algeria
| Autor: | Abdallah Mohamed-Cherif, Samir Ansel, Khatima Ait-Oudhia, Karima Benfodil, Djamel Khelef, Mohammed Hocine Benaissa, Rachid Kaidi, Curtis R. Youngs |
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| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
Veterinary medicine
040301 veterinary sciences 030231 tropical medicine Population Q fever Logistic regression medicine.disease_cause 0403 veterinary science 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Infestation medicine Seroprevalence Natural reservoir education 2. Zero hunger education.field_of_study General Veterinary biology 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences General Medicine Coxiella burnetii biology.organism_classification medicine.disease 3. Good health Herd |
| Zdroj: | Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research. 84 |
| ISSN: | 2219-0635 0030-2465 |
| DOI: | 10.4102/ojvr.v84i1.1461 |
| Popis: | Query (Q) fever is a globally distributed zoonotic disease caused by Coxiella burnetii, a bacterial agent for which ruminants are the most prevalent natural reservoir. Data regarding Q fever infection in camels in Algeria are limited. Therefore, a survey to detect seroprevalence of C. burnetii antibodies was conducted among healthy camel populations in a vast area in southeastern Algeria to determine distribution of the Q fever causative organism and to identify risk factors associated with infection. Between January and March 2016, blood samples were collected from 184 camels and serum samples were subsequently analysed using a commercial Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kit. At the time of blood collection, a questionnaire investigating 13 potential predisposing factors associated with C. burnetii seropositivity was completed for every dromedary camel and herd. Results were analysed by a chi-square (χ2) test and multivariate logistic regression. The seroprevalence of C. burnetii at the animal level was 71.2% (95% CI: 65.2–78.3) and 85.3% (95% CI: 72.8–97.8) at the herd level. At the animal level, differences in seroprevalence were observed because of herd size, animal age, animal sex, presence of ticks and contact with other herds. A multivariable logistic regression model identified three main risk factors associated with individual seropositivity: (1) age class > 11 years (OR = 8.81, 95% CI: 2.55–30.41), (2) herd size > 50 head (OR = 4.46, 95% CI: 1.01–19.59) and (3) infestation with ticks (OR 2.2; 95% CI: 1.1–4.5). This study of seroprevalence of C. burnetii infection in camels in Algeria revealed a high seroprevalence of Q fever in camel populations in southeastern Algeria and provided strong evidence that Q fever represents an economic, public health and veterinary concern. Appropriate measures should be taken to prevent the spread of C. burnetii and to reduce the risk of Q fever in farm animals and humans in this agro-ecologically and strategically important region of North Africa. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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