Vitamin B1 (thiamine) and dementia
Autor: | Rosanna Cirio, Barry D. Jordan, Gary E. Gibson, Jessica Elder, Pasquale Fonzetti, Joseph A. Hirsch |
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Rok vydání: | 2016 |
Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Vitamin medicine.medical_specialty Encephalopathy Hyperphosphorylation Carbohydrate metabolism Biology General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound 0302 clinical medicine History and Philosophy of Science Internal medicine medicine Dementia Senile plaques General Neuroscience food and beverages medicine.disease 030104 developmental biology Endocrinology chemistry Thiamine Alzheimer's disease human activities 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
Zdroj: | Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 1367:21-30 |
ISSN: | 0077-8923 |
Popis: | The earliest and perhaps best example of an interaction between nutrition and dementia is related to thiamine (vitamin B1). Throughout the last century, research showed that thiamine deficiency is associated with neurological problems, including cognitive deficits and encephalopathy. Multiple similarities exist between classical thiamine deficiency and Alzheimer's disease (AD) in that both are associated with cognitive deficits and reductions in brain glucose metabolism. Thiamine-dependent enzymes are critical components of glucose metabolism that are reduced in the brains of AD patients and by thiamine decline, and a decrease in their levels could account for the reduction in glucose metabolism. In preclinical models, reduced thiamine can drive AD-like abnormalities, including memory deficits, neuritic plaques, and hyperphosphorylation of tau. Furthermore, excess thiamine diminishes AD-like pathologies. In addition to dietary deficits, drugs or other manipulations that interfere with thiamine absorption can cause thiamine deficiency. Elucidating the reasons why the brains of AD patients are functionally thiamine deficient and determining the effects of thiamine restoration may provide critical information to help treat patients with AD. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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