| Popis: |
This chapter analyzes poststructural theories of difference that question the grand narratives and rationality of Enlightenment liberalism and pay close attention to subjugated knowledges and the diversity of social and cultural contexts. Foucault individuates the will of the persons, their agency, as the criterion of personal identity, since it does not “force the individual back on himself and ties him to his own identity in a constraining way” – we have a certain freedom to be what we want to be. Foucault ultimately has a Kantian and thus a liberal conception of identity. Derrida, on the contrary, in his theory of differance, gives up on the notion of agency and puts the very concept of identity, in the name of difference, radically into question. According to Derrida, individuals are already constituted within a structure of linguistic, cultural and historical difference that is detrimental to any form of identity statement. To be truly ourselves is to accept this structure of difference. However, also Derrida’s deconstructionism and ethics of difference are grounded in a form of transcendentalism. |
