| Popis: |
Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CIAKI) is a common adverse event associated with TAVR. Patient-specific factors that indicate an elevated risk of CIAKI include increasing age, female gender, and antecedent chronic kidney disease (CKD) as well as factors that may confer renal dysfunction such as hypertension, diabetes, heart failure, and peripheral arterial disease. Procedure-related factors that increase the risk of CIAKI include increasing contrast volume, hemodynamic instability, atheroemboli, and concomitant exposure to other nephrotoxins including additional contrast loads. |
