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Viruses are a primary cause of acute inflammatory human heart disease and are believed to contribute significantly as well to the development of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) [1–3]. Human enteroviruses seem at present to be the primary viral agents of human viral heart disease. Based upon isolation of virus from diseased human heart tissue, a host of serological studies, and a variety of molecular data, the coxsackie B viruses (CVBs) are the most common enterovirus group implicated as agents of human heart disease [4,5]. However, within the past few years, adenoviruses have also been implicated in pediatric inflammatory heart disease, and it is possible that adenoviruses may be more common agents of heart disease, at least in children, than the enteroviruses [6]. Other viruses (herpesviruses, influenza viruses, HIV) have been implicated as agents of human heart disease but none close to the frequency of either the CVBs or adenoviruses. |
