Pagans, Saints, and War Criminals: Direct Speech as a Sign of Liminal Interchanges in Latin Chronicles of the Baltic Crusades

Autor:	Rasa Mažeika
Rok vydání:	2014
Předmět:	Cultural Studies History media_common.quotation_subject Infidel Sign (semiotics) Art Ancient history Frontier Direct speech Middle Ages SWORD Liminality Order (virtue) media_common
Zdroj:	Viator. 45:271-288
ISSN:	2031-0234 0083-5897
DOI:	10.1484/j.viator.1.103921
Popis:	In the later Middle Ages, the crusades where most European knights fought were initiated first by the Sword Brothers and then the Teutonic Knights in the lands east and south of the Baltic Sea - Livonia, Prussia, and Lithuania (modern day Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, western Russia, Kaliningrad Oblast, and Poland). This article deals with a hitherto unexplored way in which three Latin chronicles produced for the Sword Brethern and the Teutonic Order use direct speech mostly for communication by or to three groups: pagans or recent converts, supernatural beings, and those who commit crimes. As in other frontier areas, here infidel and Christian, the pious and the transgressor, heavenly voices and demons battled but also communicated. The unusual nature of their exchanges is perhaps indicated through the frequent use of direct speech as a signifier of liminal interactions in the chronicles of Peter of Dusburg, Wigand of Marburg, and Henry of Livonia.
Databáze:	OpenAIRE
Externí odkaz:	https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::0aa701018f34c93a4e6d55b6ea49e6d6 https://doi.org/10.1484/j.viator.1.103921 Zobrazit plný text záznamu