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espanolObjetivo: evaluar el impacto de una intervencion acerca de los conocimientos relacionados con las infecciones de transmision sexual (ITS) y los servicios sanitarios disponibles en adolescentes escolarizados en el barrio del Raval Nord (Barcelona). Metodo: estudio cuasi-experimental pre-post intervencion en adolescentes mayores de 14 anos escolarizados en 3o y 4o de Educacion Secundaria Obligatoria y 1o y 2o de Bachillerato de tres centros. Variables: sociodemograficas, conductas de riesgo (11 items con respuesta escala Likert 0-10), uso de preservativo, inicio de relaciones sexuales, consumo de alcohol y otras drogas, conocimiento de servicios sanitarios y de las ITS. Intervencion con tres unidades didacticas: conductas de riesgo y formas de contagio; sintomas, conocimiento y tratamiento de las ITS; uso de servicios sanitarios.Tratamiento y analisis de los datos: Chi cuadrado y U de Mann Whitney para analisis bivariante con variables sociodemograficas. Se calcularon intervalos de confianza al 95% de seguridad (IC95%). Resultados: se estudiaron 211 adolescentes, 56,8% mujeres, media de edad: 15,4 anos. El 79,6% procedia de fuera de Europa. El 30,3% habia iniciado relaciones sexuales y el 32,4% utilizaba siempre preservativo. El 61,9% no asocio nunca alcohol ni otras drogas en la relacion. El VIH es la ITS mas conocida (59,8%). Los hombres tienen una percepcion de riesgo menor que las mujeres. Post-intervencion la percepcion de riesgo global aumenta, asi como el conocimiento de los servicios sanitarios y de las ITS. Conclusiones: existe deficit de conocimientos de los adolescentes acerca de las ITS. Los conocimientos sobre las ITS, la percepcion de riesgo y los recursos sanitarios mejoraron tras la intervencion. EnglishObjective: to evaluate the impact of an intervention on the knowledge about sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and the healthcare services available among adolescents attending school in the Raval Nord neighborhood (Barcelona). Method: a quasi-experimental study before and after the intervention in adolescents >14-year-old attending 3rd and 4th term of Secondary School and 1st and 2nd term of High School in three centres. Variables: sociodemographical, risk behaviours (11 items with answer through the 0-10 Likert Scale), use of condoms, initiation of sexual relationships, use of alcohol and other drugs, knowledge of healthcare services and of STIs. An intervention with three educational units: risk behaviours and ways of infection; symptoms, knowledge and treatment of STIs; use of healthcare services. Data treatment and analysis: Chi Square and Mann Whitney’s U for bivariate analysis with sociodemographical variables. Confidence intervals were calculated at 95% safety (CI95%). Results: the study included 211 adolescents: 56.8% were female, with 15.4 years as mean age. Of these, 79.6% came from outside Europe, 30.3% had initiated sexual relationships, and 32.4% always used condoms; 61.0% of them never associated alcohol or other drugs with their relationship. HIV was the most widely known STI (59.8%). Men had a lower perception of risk than women. After the intervention, there was an increase in their overall perception of risk, as well as in their knowledge of healthcare services and STIs. Conclusions: there is lack of knowledge among adolescents about STIs. After the intervention, there was an improvement in their knowledge of STIs and healthcare services, as well as in their perception of risk. |
