| Popis: |
Intra hepatic biliary calculi form the Achilles’ heel for a gastroenterologist. With an incidence of only 2%, literature on their management is sparse, especially when conventional methods fail. Though a low reported incidence, their onset is an epiphenomenon for cholestasis, cholangitis, sepsis as well as a fervent morbidity, if left untreated. Endourological advancements in technology, equipment as well as surgical-expertise, have laid open a new corridor for the role of the urologist, outside of the normal urinary tract. In this article, we review the available literature on the role of semi rigid ureteroscopy for clearance of intra hepatic biliary calculi/sludge, when conventional techniques have fallen short of expectations. |
