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This research was conducted in the Laboratory of Plant Tissue Culture, Vegetable and Floriculture Department, Mansoura University, Egypt during 2016/2017. The aim was to use tissue culture technique for callus production and enhancing total phenolics (TPC) and flavonoids (TFC) content in suspension culture of garden balsam(Impatiens balsamina L.) which belongs to Family Balsaminaceae, which has many important secondary metabolites in its different organs. Callus was initiated on leaf discs cultured on MS medium supplemented with either 2,4-D or NAA at different concentrations (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 mg/l), besides the control (MS-free hormone medium) with a fixed BAP concentration (0.5 mg/l). Also, suspensions were supplemented with either yeast extract or chitosan (0, 50, 100 and 200 mg/l) for enhancing accumulation of phenolics and flavonoids content for two separated elicitation periods (24 and 48hrs.). Data showed that the highest callus formation percentage (100%) was obtained from leaf explants cultured on MS medium supplemented with either 1.0 mg/l 2,4-D+0.5 mg/l BAP or 1.5 mg/l NAA+0.5 mg/l BAP. Also, these superior treatments produced the biggest callus volume (9.38 and 9.19 mm3, respectively). The heaviest callus fresh and dry weights (8.25 and 1.15 g/jar) were recorded for MS medium fortified with 1.0 mg/l 2,4-D+0.5 mg/l BAP. In addition, after 24hrs from the suspensions elicitation, the highest TPC value of 8.298 mg/gdw with 4.18 fold higher than the control was recorded for suspensions which received 50 mg/l yeast extract. In the same time, 50 mg/l chitosan increased TFC (3.929 mg/gdw). The matter was partially similar after 48hrs, with a slight increase in all the elicitation treatments, since the superior treatments after 24hrs still giving a higher TPC and TFC. |
