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Composition and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of essential oil and methanol extract polar and nonpolar subfractions of Stachys inflata were determined. GC and GC/MS analyse of the essential oil showed 45 constituents representing 95.46% of the oil, the major components linalool (28.55%), a-terpineol (9.45%), spathulenol (8.37%) and (2E)-hexenal (4.62%) constituted 50.99% of it. Essential oil and extracts were also tested for their antioxidant activities using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and b-carotene/linoleic acid assays. In the DPPH test, IC50 value for the polar subfraction was 89.50 lg/ ml, indicating an antioxidant potency of about 22% of that of butylated hydroxytoluene (IC50 = 19.72 lg/ml) for this extract. In b-carotene/linoleic acid assay, the best inhibition belonged to the nonpolar subfraction (77.08%). Total phenolic content of the polar and nonpolar extract subfractions was 5.4 and 2.8% (w/w), respectively. The plant also showed a week antimicrobial activity against three strains of tested microorganisms. Linalool and a-terpineol were also tested as major components of the oil and showed no antioxidant but considerable antimicrobial activities. |
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