Epidemic Meningococcal Disease in Nairobi, Kenya, 1989
| Autor: | E.K. Njeru, Claire V. Broome, Bradley A. Perkins, Michael W. Reeves, Naphtali N. Agata, Wallis E. DeWitt, F E Onyango, Dorothy M. Ngacha, Robert W. Pinner, Nazir B. Mirza |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 1992 |
| Předmět: |
education.field_of_study
business.industry Neisseria meningitidis Population Attack rate Meningococcal vaccine Vaccine efficacy medicine.disease_cause Meningococcal disease medicine.disease Bacterial vaccine Infectious Diseases Case fatality rate Immunology medicine Immunology and Allergy education business Demography |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Infectious Diseases. 166:359-364 |
| ISSN: | 1537-6613 0022-1899 |
| DOI: | 10.1093/infdis/166.2.359 |
| Popis: | An epidemic of meningococcal disease occurred in Nairobi, Kenya, during 1989, outside the "meningitis belt" of sub-Saharan Africa. About 3800 cases occurred between April and November (250/100,000 population). The case-fatality rate was 9.4% among hospitalized patients. Areas that included Nairobi's largest slums had particularly high attack rates. The epidemic displayed an unusual age distribution, with high attack rates among those 20-29 years old. A vaccination campaign was conducted. By early January, the weekly case count had fallen to 25 from a high of 272 (in September). A case-control study estimated the vaccine efficacy to be 87% (95% confidence interval, 67%-95%). A model estimated that the vaccination campaign reduced the number of cases by at least 20%. Multilocus enzyme electrophoretic typing demonstrated that the strain responsible for this large epidemic is closely related to strains that caused other recent epidemics, documenting further spread of what may be a particularly virulent clonal complex of group A Neisseria meningitidis. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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