Zbiory Działu Przyrody Muzeum Górnośląskiego - przeszłość, teraźniejszość, przyszłość
| Autor: | Waldemar Żyła, Roland Dobosz |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Kosmos. 70:215-227 |
| ISSN: | 2658-1132 0023-4249 |
| DOI: | 10.36921/kos.2021_2769 |
| Popis: | The beginnings of the contemporary Upper Silesian Museum in Bytom date back to the year 1910, when a group of Bytom social activists and history lovers founded the Bytom Historical and Museum Society (Beuthener Geschichts- und Museumsverein). The official opening of the new seat at the present address Plac Jana III Sobieskiego, which is still used today, took place on October 24, 1932. At that time, the museums official name was Oberschlesisches Landesmuseum. The core of the natural history collections of the present Upper Silesian Museum in Bytom was based mainly on the collections of the Oberschlesisches Landesmuseum Beuthen and the collections of the Silesian Museum in Katowice, which was demolished in 1939 (at the beginning of the second world war). They were transported to Bytom and treated as separate collections. After the end of hostilities, also the seat of the Silesian Museum was moved to Bytom. The museum employees and collaborators of the Katowice museum, who survived the war, also found their way here. Among many others, the historical collections of Eberhard Drescher, Hans Nowotny, Franz Kirsch and Sergiusz von Toll as well as the collection of beetles by Wojciech Mączynski deserve special attention. At the beginning of the 1990s, a new stage began in the development of the natural history collections of the Upper Silesian Museum. The collections began to be enriched with collections from abroad, such as entomological and ornithological collections from Borneo, Madagascar, Tanzania and Sumatra. In later years, in cooperation with entomologists from the Silesian Entomological Society, planned studies in the Mediterranean Basin were started. In the years 2000-2006, over 60,000 specimens of entomofauna were collected and deposited at the Upper Silesian Museum in Bytom. Scientific and research expeditions to New Caledonia, Namibia, Russia and Georgia, organized in cooperation with domestic and foreign scientific entities, also provided further materials. The development of modern biological sciences will also be influenced by the form of collecting some natural artifacts. In 2016, the DNA Bank of animals threatened with extinction or particularly vulnerable to the negative impact of human activity was established. Currently, taking into account also new types of collections, the Upper Silesian Museum in Bytom, during its over 110-year history, has accumulated over a million natural exhibits.When discussing the collection of the Nature Department, it is impossible not to mention the rich nature book collection, created on the basis of the book collections of museums in Bytom and Katowice, merged after the war. In 1962, the first publishing series was established: the Yearbook of the Upper Silesian Museum in Bytom, Nature, which allowed for regular acquisition of titles through interlibrary exchange. In 1990, the second publishing series, Annals of the Upper Silesian Museum in Bytom, Entomology, was launched, and in 1994 another: Monographs of the Upper Silesian Muzeum. In 2016, the Museum became a co-publisher of Acta Entomologica Silesiana, a title previously published by the Silesian Entomological Society and the journal Ptaki Śląska.One of the priority activities of the Upper Silesian Museum in Bytom is also the digitization of the collection. As part of the currently implemented project: Integration and mobilization of data on the biotic diversity of Eukaryota in the resources of Polish scientific institutions (IMBIO), over 380,000 objects are being digitized. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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